The dense seaweeds of the intertidal are often referred to as the forests of the sea. They provide a canopy of protection for many organisms providing shade, moisture, camoflauge, and protection from predators. Unlike trees and terrestrial plants, seaweeds do not have a root system for gathering nutrients. They are literally bathed in nutrients every day by the tide and the entire plant functions to absorb them. To adhere to rocks and other substrate, they have a holdfast which will remind you of roots. The holdfast holds the seaweed in place, even during the powerful wave action of storms. In addition to lacking roots, seaweeds do not have stems, leaves, or flowers. So how do seaweeds function? Let's find out...